Russian verb pair жить / пожить conjugated into all of the tenses and aspects. Simple reference on moods and participles.
Russian Verb Index
IMPERFECTIVE ASPECT PERFECTIVE ASPECT
Infinitive (initial form) жить / пожить
Капли Жизни
Николай Рерих
1924
Present Tense
1st Person Singular - я живу́ 2nd Person Singular - ты живёшь 3rd Person Singular - он живёт 1st Person Plural - мы живём 2nd Person Plural - вы живёте 3rd Person Plural - они живу́т
Past Tense
Masculine - я жи́л / пожи́л Feminine - она жила́ / пожила́ Neuter - оно жи́ло, жило́ / пожи́ло, пожило́ Plural - мы жи́ли / пожи́ли
Future Tense
1st Person Singular - я буду жи́ть / поживу́ 2nd Person Singular- ты будешь жи́ть / поживёшь 3rd Person Singular - он будет жи́ть / поживёт 1st Person Plural - мы будем жи́ть / поживём 2nd Person Plural - вы будете жи́ть / поживёте 3rd Person Plural - они будут жи́ть / поживу́т
Subjunctive mood
Masculine - я жи́л бы / пожи́л бы Feminine - она жила́ бы / пожила́ бы Neuter - оно жи́ло, жило́ бы / пожи́ло, пожило́ бы Plural - мы жи́ли бы / пожи́ли бы
Пестрая Жизнь
Василий Кандинский
1907
Imperative Mood (Command Form)
Informal - ты живи́ / поживи́ Formal or Plural - вы живи́те / поживи́те
Derivatives
Pres. Active Participle живу́щий Past Active Participle жи́вший / пожи́вшийPres. Passive Participle - Past Passive Participle - Verbal Adverb (Gerund) живя́ / пожи́в
Related Perfective Verbs
Shades of meaning: прожить
Expressions and Set Phrases
как жить - how to live жить в - to live in жить на Руси - to live in Russia (old-fashioned) буду жить - (I) will live хорошо жить - to live well; lead a good life.
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Live (Russian: Жить) is a song and music video composed by Igor Matvienko following the 2015 plane crash on the Sinai Peninsula. 28 artists participated in the music video, among them Grigory Leps, Polina Gagarina, Timati, Hibla Gerzmava, Vladimir Kristovski, Valeriy Syutkin, Alexandr Marshal and Evgeny Margulis. The song is part of the social project "Live" which emphasizes the importance of finding joy in life despite hardships.
The History of Russian animation is the film art produced by Russian animation makers.
As most of Russia's production of animation for film|cinema and television were created during Soviet times, it may also be referred to some extent as the History of Soviet animation. It remains a nearly unexplored field in film theory and history outside Russia.
The first animator in Russia was Aleksander Shiryayev, who was a principal dancer at the Imperial Russian Ballet, as well as a teacher and choreographer.
He made a number of pioneering puppet-animated ballet films between 1906 and 1909. He only showed them to a few people, and they were forgotten until their re-discovery in 1995.
The second person in Russia to independently discover animation was Ladislas Starevich, who was of Polish descent and is therefore also known by the name of Wladyslaw Starewicz. Being a trained biologist, he started to make animation with embalmed insects for educational purposes, but soon realized the possibilities of his medium to become one of the undisputed masters of stop motion later in his life. His first few films, made in 1910, were dark comedies on the family lives of cockroaches, and were so revolutionary that they earned Starevich a decoration from the Tsar. Yet, these pioneers did not adapt to the new realities of filmmaking after the Russian Revolution and the real origins of Soviet animation can be said to belong to the much younger generation of artists, trained in the fine arts but drawn to mass media for its ability to be an agent of social change.
In 1934, Walt Disney sent a film reel with some shorts of Mickey Mouse to the Moscow Film Festival. In 1935, the Soyuzdetmultfilm-Studio was created from the small and relatively independent trickfilm units of Mosfilm, Sovkino and Mezhrabpromfilm in order to focus on the creation of Disney-style animation, exclusively using cel technique.
When Nikita Khrushchev in 1956 proclaimed the end of the personality cult of Joseph Stalin, he started a process of political and cultural renewal in the country. Even though animators still needed a while to free themselves from the long tradition of "Éclair", from the 1960s onwards, animation films gain completely new qualities. The starting point for this was Fyodor Khitruk's film The Story of a Crime (1962). Not only had he changed the animation style to something that resembled what the United Productions of America was doing, but for the first time since the avantgarde years, he was able to tackle a contemporary story.
Khitruk's revolutionary approach paved the way for a vast number of young animation directors that in the following years developed their own distinctive styles and approaches. One of the most political was Andrei Khrzhanovsky, whose surrealist film The Glass Harmonica (1968) was severely cut by censors, but shelved nevertheless. Anatoly Petrov is known as the founder of the cinema journal Vesyolaya Karusel (The Happy Merry-Go-Round, since 1969) that gave an opportunity to many young directors to make their first own films. Among them were Leonid Nosyrev, Valery Ugarov, Eduard Nazarov, Ivan Ufimcev and others.
The 1970s saw the birth of the Soviet Union's most popular animation series, Nu, Pogodi! (Just you wait!), directed by Vyacheslav Kotyonochkin. These seemingly simple miniatures about a wolf chasing a hare through Soviet-style cartoon worlds owe a great deal of their popularity to the cunning subtexts built into their parts.
During the Stalin period, puppet animation had come to a halt. Only in 1953 was a puppet division was refounded at Soyuzmultfilm. Its first head of department was Boris Degtyarev, under whose direction young animators tried to recover the knowledge that had been lost since the time of Aleksandr Ptushko. Among the most outstanding of these young artists were Vadim Kurchevskiy and Nikolay Serebryakov, who worked together for their first films, e.g. The Cloud in Love (1963). Even when they decided to separate and make their own films, their style was marked by an extensive aesthetic search for, as Bendazzi puts it, "the combination of realism and the baroque", most clearly to be seen in Not in the Hat is there Happiness (1968, by Serebrjakov) and especially in Kurchevskiy's masterpiece, The Master of Clamecy (1972, after Romain Rolland's novel Colas Breugnon). One generation later, Stanislav Sokolov started to make movies that brought the art of puppet animation to a new height. His approach, characterized by complex animation structures and multiple special effects can well be observed in The Big Underground Ball (1987, after Andersen) or Black and White Film (1985), which won a prize in Zagreb.
Adventures of Mowgli made by Soyuzmultfilm was released as five animated shorts between 1967 and 1971. The movie was not conceived as a reaction to the Disney adaptation, even the first episode was also released in 1967. It appeared more adult and on spirit is more closer to Kipling's book. In 1973, the five films were combined into a single 96-minute feature film. Soyuzmultfilm's Winnie-the-Pooh trilogy was also different from Disney adaptation, and for decades, these films were a hits for East European viewers.
Anatoly Petrov, the founder of The Happy Merry-Go-Round (Russian: Весёлая карусель, 1969), has shown extreme realism (close to photorealistic) in his later films, most notable of which was science fiction Polygon (Russian: Полигон, 1977). His colleague Gennady Sokolsky tried to use attractive characters in his films, combined with ambient soundtrack: Serebryanoe kopytce (Russian: Серебряное копытце, 1977), Myshonok Pik (Russian: Мышонок Пик, 1978), The Adventures of Scamper the Penguin (Russian: Приключения пингвинёнка Лоло, 1986–1987, with Kinjiro Yoshida).
Roman Kachanov made numerous films for children, starting from puppet animation (The Mitten (1967), Cheburashka series), and later with traditional animation in famous animated movie The Mystery of the Third Planet based on Alice: The Girl from Earth books by writer Kir Bulychov (1981).
Sverdlovsk Film Studio introduced paint-on-glass animation with complete new level of quality (Dobro Pozhalovat! Russian: Добро пожаловать!, 1986).
One of the most famous Russian animators is Yuriy Norshteyn. His films Little Hedgehog in the Fog (1975) and Tale of Tales (1979) show not only technical mastery (although not smooth animation), but also an unrivaled magic beauty. Tale of Tales was elected best animation film of all time during the 1984 Olympic Arts Festival in Los Angeles, and again in 2002.
Since the beginning of Perestroika, Norshteyn has not found a possibility to finish his last film, The Overcoat.
Other directors were more able to cope with the changes that this time brought; they even commented on it in their films. Garri Bardin's Little Red Ridinghood et le Wolf (1991) not only provoked by including a foreign language into the title, it also was full of allusions to the upcoming end of communism. Aleksandr Tatarskiy even managed to found his own studio (Pilot) in 1988, where he produced absurd films inspired by the Zagreb School. Yuriy Norshteyn and three other leading animators (Fyodor Khitruk, Andrei Khrzhanovsky, and Eduard Nazarov) founded a school and studio in 1993 which exists to this day, called SHAR Studio.
After the end of the Soviet Union, the situation for Russian animators changed dramatically. On one hand, State subsidies diminished significantly. On the other hand, the number of studios competing for that amount of money rose a good deal. Most of the studios during the 1990s lived on animation for advertisement and on doing commissioned works for big studios from the United States and elsewhere. Nevertheless, there were a few very successful international co-productions, e.g. Aleksandr Petrov's (former Sverdlovsk Film Studio animator) Oscar-winning The Old Man and the Sea (1999, from Ernest Hemingway's novel) or Stanislav Sokolov's The Winter's Tale (1999, from William Shakespeare's play) that earned the director an Emmy.
Despite the hardships, Natalya Lukinykh has estimated that Russian animated films won about twice as many prestigious international awards in the 1990s as Russian live-action films.[4] As Russia's economic situation became increasingly stable, so did the market for animation, and during the last three years a number of feature-length animation films from Russian studios have emerged (e.g. Melnitsa Animation Studio's Little Longnose, 2003, from Wilhelm Hauff's fairy tale, and Solnechny Dom Studio's 2006 Prince Vladimir, based on early history of Rus' – the highest-grossing Russian animated film to date). While the Russian animation community is yet far from reaching the splendor it possessed before the end of the Soviet Union, a significant recovery is being made and it is becoming more and more clear that the revived Russian animation industry will be very different from what it was in the late 1980s. According to Andrei Dobrunov, head of Solnechny Dom, several Russian studios are currently working on some ten animated feature films.
Osobennyj, released July 31, 2006, was Russia's first CG-animated feature film. About 8 such films are now in production by various studios. At the same time, Soyuzmultfilm has partnered up with Mikhail Shemyakin and is working on Gofmaniada, a puppet-animated feature film which is deliberately being made entirely without computers. In 2007, the Morevna Project was launched, aiming at creating a science fiction re-telling the folk-tale of Marya Morevna as an anime primarily by using the free software Synfig tool and releasing it under a Creative Commons license. Another popular Russian Internet cartoon is Masyanya. A corporate collaboration between the Japanese Studio 4°C and Russia's Molot Entertainment also produced the anime film First Squad: The Moment of Truth (2009), which won the Kommersant newspaper's prize.
Beginning in 2009, animation entered a new crisis as Goskino indefinitely postponed funding for all projects, and for the 2010 budget the state cut animation funding by half. The animation community reacted by appealing to the President and the public. In 2010, many of the major studios, including Pilot, were either closed or on the verge of shutting down. The vast majority of studios had relied on state support to some extent, and Goskino did not fulfill any of their contractual obligations to pay for the films that they had ordered and which the studios had already produced. In addition, Disney has been accused of using anti-competitive practices to sideline domestic Russian competition on TV channels.
The Centre of National Film CG animated film Space Dogs, released on March 18, 2010 and about the Soviet space dogs Strelka and Belka, received an English release on June 8, 2012 and spawned a broader franchise. Wizart Animation, alongside InlayFilm, also produced a new CG film version of The Snow Queen (2012), spawning a new franchise with sequels Snow Queen 2: The Snow King (2014) and the upcoming The Snow Queen 3: Fire and Ice (2016), alongside their first fully original concept Sheep and Wolves (2015). Although these films have ultimately been successful in Russia, their quality of motion has been questioned in the West upon home release and limited theatrical run.
Animaccord Animation Studio has had success in CG television animation with its children's series Masha and the Bear (2009–present), whose emphasis on pantomime has helped it export outside of the country, premièring on the US version of Netflix in August 2015. Another long running, educational, children's series by Melnitsa Animation Studio called Luntik has aired since September 1, 2006. An earlier success in this market was Kikoriki which aired from May 7, 2004 until 2012, produced by Petersburg Animation Studio with assistance from the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation. English-language distribution rights to the series were acquired by 4Kids Entertainment from worldwide distributor Fun Game Media, Munich[9] and began airing as part of The CW4Kids block on The CW on September 13, 2008, under the name GoGoRiki. In 2011 a prequel feature film was released entitled Kikoriki. Team Invincible and further films are planned. A connecting factor in many recent Russian animated efforts is Timur Bekmambetov, whose company Bazelevs has helped produce, finance and promote Kikoriki and The Snow Queen.
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Bendazzi, Giannalberto. 1994. Cartoons. One Hundred Years of Cinema Animation. London/Bloomington: John Libbey/Indiana University Press.
Giesen, Rolf. 2003. Lexikon des Trick- und Animationsfilms. Berlin: Schwarzkopf & Schwarzkopf.
Leslie, Ester. 2002. Hollywood Flatlands. Animation, Critical Theory and the Avant-Garde. London, New York: Verso.
Pilling, Jayne (Ed.). 1997. A Reader in Animation Studies. London et al.: John Libbey.
Асенин, Сергей Владимирович. 1986. Мир мультфильма. Москва: Искусство.
Венжер, Наталья Яковлевна (Ed.). 1990. Сотворение фильма. Несколько интервью по служебным вопросам. Москва: Союз Кинематографистов СССР.
Иванов-Вано, Иван Петрович. 1978. Кадр за кадром, Москва: Искусство.
Орлов, Алексей Михайлович. 1995. Аниматограф и его анима: психогенные аспекты экранных технологий. Москва: Импето.
Ein Bettelknabe auf der Hohen Brücke in Wien (Нищий мальчик на Высоком мосту в Вене). 1830 г. Hermitage, St. Petersburg
I am a novelist, and I suppose I have made up this story. I write “I suppose,” though I know for a fact that I have made it up, but yet I keep fancying that it must have happened on Christmas Eve in some great town in a time of terrible frost.
Carl Friedrich Moritz Müller
(German, 1807-1865)
A Christmas Tale
I have a vision of a boy, a little boy, six years old or even younger. This boy woke up that morning in a cold damp cellar. He was dressed in a sort of little dressing-gown and was shivering with cold. There was a cloud of white steam from his breath, and sitting on a box in the corner, he blew the steam out of his mouth and amused himself in his dullness watching it float away. But he was terribly hungry. Several times that morning he went up to the plank bed where his sick mother was lying on a mattress as thin as a pancake, with some sort of bundle under her head for a pillow. How had she come here? She must have come with her boy from some other town and suddenly fallen ill. The landlady who let the “concerns” had been taken two days before the police station, the lodgers were out and about as the holiday was so near, and the only one left had been lying for the last twenty-four hours dead drunk, not having waited for Christmas. In another corner of the room a wretched old woman of eighty, who had once been a children’s nurse but was now left to die friendless, was moaning and groaning with rheumatism, scolding and grumbling at the boy so that he was afraid to go near her corner. He had got a drink of water in the outer room, but could not find a crust anywhere, and had been on the point of waking his mother a dozen times. He felt frightened at last in the darkness: it had long been dusk, but no light was kindled. Touching his mother’s face, he was surprised that she did not move at all, and that she was as cold as the wall. “It is very cold here,” he thought. He stood a little, unconsciously letting his hands rest on the dead woman’s shoulders, then he breathed on his fingers to warm them, and then quietly fumbling for his cap on the bed, he went out of the cellar. He would have gone earlier, but was afraid of the big dog which had been howling all day at the neighbor’s door at the top of the stairs. But the dog was not there now, and he went out into the street.
И. Пелевин
Дети в санях. 1870
Mercy on us, what a town! He had never seen anything like it before. In the town from he had come, it was always such black darkness at night. There was one lamp for the whole street, the little, low-pitched, wooden houses were closed up with shutters, there was no one to be seen in the street after dusk, all the people shut themselves up in their houses, and there was nothing but the howling all night. But there it was so warm and he was given food, while here—oh, dear, if he only had something to eat! And what a noise and rattle here, what light and what people, horses and carriages, and what a frost! The frozen steam hung in clouds over the horses, over their warmly breathing mouths; their hoofs clanged against the stones through the powdery snow, and everyone pushed so, and—oh, dear, how he longed for some morsel to eat, and how wretched he suddenly felt. A policeman walked by and turned away to avoid seeing the boy.
Francis Wilfred Lawson
(British, 1842-1935)
Merry Christmas
There was another street—oh, what a wide one, here he would be run over for certain; how everyone was shouting, racing and driving along, and the light, the light! And what was this? A huge glass window, and through the window a tree reaching up to the ceiling; it was a fir tree, and on it were ever so many lights, gold papers and apples and little dolls and horses; and there were children clean and dressed in their best running about the room, laughing and playing and eating and drinking something. And then a little girl began dancing with one of the boys, what a pretty little girl! And he could hear the music through the window. The boy looked and wondered and laughed, though his toes were aching with the cold and his fingers were red and stiff so that it hurt him to move them. And all at once the boy remembered how his toes and fingers hurt him, and began crying, and ran on; and again through another window-pane he saw another Christmas tree, and on a table cakes of all sorts—almond cakes, red cakes and yellow cakes, and three grand young ladies were sitting there, and they gave the cakes to any one who went up to them, and the door kept opening, lots of gentlemen and ladies went in from the street. The boy crept up, suddenly opened the door and went in. oh, how they shouted at him and waved him back! One lady went up to him hurriedly and slipped a kopeck into his hand, and with her own hands opened the door into the street for him! How frightened he was. And the kopeck rolled away and clinked upon the steps; he could not bend his red fingers to hold it right. the boy ran away and went on, where he did not know. He was ready to cry again but he was afraid, and ran on and on and blew his fingers. And he was miserable because he felt suddenly so lonely and terrified, and all at once, mercy on us! What was this again? People were standing in a crowd admiring. Behind a glass window there were three little dolls, dressed in red and green dresses, and exactly, exactly as though they were alive. Once was a little old man sitting and playing a big violin, the two others were standing close by and playing little violins, and nodding in time, and looking at one another, and their lips moved, they were speaking, actually speaking, only one couldn’t hear through the glass. And at first the boy thought they were alive, and when he grasped that they were dolls he laughed. He had never seen such dolls before, and had no idea there were such dolls! All at once he fancied that some one caught at his smock behind: a wicked big boy was standing beside him and suddenly hit him on the head, snatched off his cap and tripped him up. The boy fell down on the ground, at once there was s shout, he was numb with fright, he jumped up and ran away. He ran, and not knowing where he was going, ran in at the gate of some one’s courtyard, and sat down behind a stack of wood: “They won’t find me here, besides it’s dark!”
John Austen Fitzgerald
(British, 1823-1906)
Christmas. 1858
He sat huddled up and was breathless from fright, and all at once, quite suddenly, he felt so happy: his hands and feet suddenly left off aching and grew so warm, as warm as though he were on a stove; then he shivered all over, then he gave a start, why, he must have been asleep. How nice to have a sleep here! “I’ll sit here a little and go and look at the dolls again,” said the boy, and smiled thinking of them. “Just as though they were alive! …” and suddenly he heard his mother singing over him. “Mammy, I am asleep; how nice it is to sleep here!”
“Come to my Christmas tree, little one,” a soft voice suddenly whispered over his head.
Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller (Austrian, 1793-1865) Eine reisende bettlerfamilie wird am heiligen Christabend von armen bauersleuten beschenkt (Бродячая семья нищих на Святой Сочельник получает дары от бедной крестьянской семьи). 1834
He thought that this was still his mother, but no, it was not she. Who it was calling him, he could not see, but someone bent over to him, and … and all at once—oh, what a bright light! Oh, what a Christmas tree! And yet it was not a fir tree, he had never seen a tree like that! Where was he now? Everything was bright and shining, and all around him were dolls; but no, they were not dolls, they were little boys and girls, only so bright and shining. They all came flying round him, they all kissed him, took him and carried him along with them, and he was flying himself, and he saw that his mother was looking at him and laughing joyfully. “Mammy, Mammy; oh, how nice it is here, Mammy!” and again he kissed the children and wanted to tell them at once of those dolls in the shop windows.
Спящие Дети Василий Перов 1870
“Who are you, boys” who are you, girls?” he asked, laughing and admiring them.
“This is Christ’s Christmas tree,” they answered. “Christ always has a Christmas tree on this day, for the little children who have no tree of their own …” and he found out that all these little boys and girls were children just like himself; that some had been frozen in the baskets in which they had as babies been laid on the doorsteps of well-to-do Petersburg people, others had been boarded out with Finnish women by the Foundling and had been suffocated, others had died at their starved mothers’ breasts (in the Samara famine), others had died in the third-class railway carriages from the foul air; and yet they were all here, they were all like angels about Christmas, and He was in the midst of them and held out His hands to them and blessed them and their sinful mothers. … and the mothers of these children stood on one side weeping; each one knew her boy or girl, and the children flew up to them and kissed them and wiped away their tears with their little hands, and begged them not to weep because they were so happy.
Фирс Журавлев Дети нищие
And down below in the morning the porter found the little dead body of the frozen child on the woodstack; they sought out his mother too. … she had died before him. They met before the Lord God in heaven.
Why have I made up such a story, so out of keeping with an ordinary diary, and a writer’s above all? And I promised two stories dealing with real events! But that is just it, I keep fancying that all this may have happened really—that is, what took place in the cellar and on the woodstack; but as for Christ’s Christmas tree, I cannot tell you whether that could have happened or not.
Дети странный народ, они снятся и мерещатся. Перед елкой и в самую елку перед рождеством я все встречал на улице, на известном углу, одного мальчишку, никак не более как лет семи. В страшный мороз он был одет почти по-летнему, но шея у него была обвязана каким-то старьем, -- значит его все же кто-то снаряжал, посылая. Он ходил "с ручкой"; это технический термин, значит -- просить милостыню. Термин выдумали сами эти мальчики. Таких, как он, множество, они вертятся на вашей дороге и завывают что-то заученное; но этот не завывал и говорил как-то невинно и непривычно и доверчиво смотрел мне в глаза, -- стало быть, лишь начинал профессию. На расспросы мои он сообщил, что у него сестра, сидит без работы, больная; может, и правда, но только я узнал потом, что этих мальчишек тьма-тьмущая: их высылают "с ручкой" хотя бы в самый страшный мороз, и если ничего не наберут, то наверно их ждут побои. Набрав копеек, мальчик возвращается с красными, окоченевшими руками в какой-нибудь подвал, где пьянствует какая-нибудь шайка халатников, из тех самых, которые, "забастовав на фабрике под воскресенье в субботу, возвращаются вновь на работу не ранее как в среду вечером". Там, в подвалах, пьянствуют с ними их голодные и битые жены, тут же пищат голодные грудные их дети. Водка, и грязь, и разврат, а главное, водка. С набранными копейками мальчишку тотчас же посылают в кабак, и он приносит еще вина. В забаву и ему иногда нальют в рот косушку и хохочут, когда он, с пресекшимся дыханием, упадет чуть не без памяти на пол,
...и в рот мне водку скверную
Безжалостно вливал...
Когда он подрастет, его поскорее сбывают куда-нибудь на фабрику, но все, что он заработает, он опять обязан приносить к халатникам, а те опять пропивают. Но уж и до фабрики эти дети становятся совершенными преступниками. Они бродяжат по городу и знают такие места в разных подвалах, в которые можно пролезть и где можно переночевать незаметно. Один из них ночевал несколько ночей сряду у одного дворника в какой-то корзине, и тот его так и не замечал. Само собою, становятся воришками. Воровство обращается в страсть даже у восьмилетних детей, иногда даже без всякого сознания о преступности действия. Под конец переносят все -- голод, холод, побои, -- только за одно, за свободу, и убегают от своих халатников бродяжить уже от себя. Это дикое существо не понимает иногда ничего, ни где он живет, ни какой он нации, есть ли бог, есть ли государь; даже такие передают об них вещи, что невероятно слышать, и, однако же, всё факты.
Carl Friedrich Moritz Müller (German, 1807-1865) Weihnachtsabend (Рождественский вечер)
II
МАЛЬЧИК У ХРИСТА НА ЕЛКЕ
Но я романист, и, кажется, одну "историю" сам сочинил. Почему я пишу: "кажется", ведь я сам знаю наверно, что сочинил, но мне все мерещится, что это где-то и когда-то случилось, именно это случилось как раз накануне рождества, в каком-то огромном городе и в ужасный мороз.
К. Е. Маковский Маленькие шарманщики, 1868
Мерещится мне, был в подвале мальчик, но еще очень маленький, лет шести или даже менее. Этот мальчик проснулся утром в сыром и холодном подвале. Одет он был в какой-то халатик и дрожал. Дыхание его вылетало белым паром, и он, сидя в углу на сундуке, от скуки нарочно пускал этот пар изо рта и забавлялся, смотря, как он вылетает. Но ему очень хотелось кушать. Он несколько раз с утра подходил к нарам, где на тонкой, как блин, подстилке и на каком-то узле под головой вместо подушки лежала больная мать его. Как она здесь очутилась? Должно быть, приехала с своим мальчиком из чужого города и вдруг захворала. Хозяйку углов захватили еще два дня тому в полицию; жильцы разбрелись, дело праздничное, а оставшийся один халатник уже целые сутки лежал мертво пьяный, не дождавшись и праздника. В другом углу комнаты стонала от ревматизма какая-то восьмидесятилетняя старушонка, жившая когда-то и где-то в няньках, а теперь помиравшая одиноко, охая, брюзжа и ворча на мальчика, так что он уже стал бояться подходить к ее углу близко. Напиться-то он где-то достал в сенях, но корочки нигде не нашел и раз в десятый уже подходил разбудить свою маму. Жутко стало ему, наконец, в темноте: давно уже начался вечер, а огня не зажигали. Ощупав лицо мамы, он подивился, что она совсем не двигается и стала такая же холодная, как стена. "Очень уж здесь холодно", -- подумал он, постоял немного, бессознательно забыв свою руку на плече покойницы, потом дохнул на свои пальчики, чтоб отогреть их, и вдруг, нашарив на нарах свой картузишко, потихоньку, ощупью, пошел из подвала. Он еще бы и раньше пошел, да все боялся вверху, на лестнице, большой собаки, которая выла весь день у соседских дверей. Но собаки уже не было, и он вдруг вышел на улицу.
Дети везут дрова зимой по снегуНиколай Богданов-Бельский
Господи, какой город! Никогда еще он не видал ничего такого. Там, откудова он приехал, по ночам такой черный мрак, один фонарь на всю улицу. Деревянные низенькие домишки запираются ставнями; на улице, чуть смеркнется -- никого, все затворяются по домам, и только завывают целые стаи собак, сотни и тысячи их, воют и лают всю ночь. Но там было зато так тепло и ему давали кушать, а здесь -- господи, кабы покушать! И какой здесь стук и гром, какой свет и люди, лошади и кареты, и мороз, мороз! Мерзлый пар валит от загнанных лошадей, из жарко дышащих морд их; сквозь рыхлый снег звенят об камни подковы, и все так толкаются, и, господи, так хочется поесть, хоть бы кусочек какой-нибудь, и так больно стало вдруг пальчикам. Мимо прошел блюститель порядка и отвернулся, чтоб не заметить мальчика.
Чистяков Павел ПетровичНищие дети
Вот и опять улица, -- ох какая широкая! Вот здесь так раздавят наверно; как они все кричат, бегут и едут, а свету-то, свету-то! А это что? Ух, какое большое стекло, а за стеклом комната, а в комнате дерево до потолка; это елка, а на елке сколько огней, сколько золотых бумажек и яблоков, а кругом тут же куколки, маленькие лошадки; а по комнате бегают дети, нарядные, чистенькие, смеются и играют, и едят, и пьют что-то. Вот эта девочка начала с мальчиком танцевать, какая хорошенькая девочка! Вот и музыка, сквозь стекло слышно. Глядит мальчик, дивится, уж и смеется, а у него болят уже пальчики и на ножках, а на руках стали совсем красные, уж не сгибаются и больно пошевелить. И вдруг вспомнил мальчик про то, что у него так болят пальчики, заплакал и побежал дальше, и вот опять видит он сквозь другое стекло комнату, опять там деревья, но на столах пироги, всякие -- миндальные, красные, желтые, и сидят там четыре богатые барыни, а кто придет, они тому дают пироги, а отворяется дверь поминутно, входит к ним с улицы много господ. Подкрался мальчик, отворил вдруг дверь и вошел. Ух, как на него закричали и замахали! Одна барыня подошла поскорее и сунула ему в руку копеечку, а сама отворила ему дверь на улицу. Как он испугался! А копеечка тут же выкатилась и зазвенела по ступенькам: не мог он согнуть свои красные пальчики и придержать ее. Выбежал мальчик и пошел поскорей-поскорей, а куда, сам не знает. Хочется ему опять заплакать, да уж боится, и бежит, бежит и на ручки дует. И тоска берет его, потому что стало ему вдруг так одиноко и жутко, и вдруг, господи! Да что ж это опять такое? Стоят люди толпой и дивятся: на окне за стеклом три куклы, маленькие, разодетые в красные и зеленые платьица и совсем-совсем как живые! Какой-то старичок сидит и будто бы играет на большой скрипке, два других стоят тут же и играют на маленьких скрипочках, и в такт качают головками, и друг на друга смотрят, и губы у них шевелятся, говорят, совсем говорят, -- только вот из-за стекла не слышно. И подумал сперва мальчик, что они живые, а как догадался совсем, что это куколки, -- вдруг рассмеялся. Никогда он не видал таких куколок и не знал, что такие есть! И плакать-то ему хочется, но так смешно-смешно на куколок. Вдруг ему почудилось, что сзади его кто-то схватил за халатик: большой злой мальчик стоял подле и вдруг треснул его по голове, сорвал картуз, а сам снизу поддал ему ножкой. Покатился мальчик наземь, тут закричали, обомлел он, вскочил и бежать-бежать, и вдруг забежал сам не знает куда, в подворотню, на чужой двор, -- и присел за дровами: "Тут не сыщут, да и темно".
Василий Григорьевич Перов Тройка. 1866
Присел он и скорчился, а сам отдышаться не может от страху и вдруг, совсем вдруг, стало так ему хорошо: ручки и ножки вдруг перестали болеть и стало так тепло, так тепло, как на печке; вот он весь вздрогнул: ах, да ведь он было заснул! Как хорошо тут заснуть: "Посижу здесь и пойду опять посмотреть на куколок, -- подумал мальчик и усмехнулся, вспомнив про них,-- совсем как живые!.." И вдруг ему послышалось, что над ним запела его мама песенку. "Мама, я сплю, ах, как тут спать хорошо!"
-- Пойдем ко мне на елку, мальчик, -- прошептал над ним вдруг тихий голос.
Транковский А. Нищенка
Он подумал было, что это все его мама, но нет, не она; кто же это его позвал, он не видит, но кто-то нагнулся над ним и обнял его в темноте, а он протянул ему руку и... и вдруг, -- о, какой свет! О, какая елка! Да и не елка это, он и не видал еще таких деревьев! Где это он теперь: все блестит, все сияет и кругом всё куколки, -- но нет, это всё мальчики и девочки, только такие светлые, все они кружатся около него, летают, все они целуют его, берут его, несут с собою, да и сам он летит, и видит он: смотрит его мама и смеется на него радостно.
Творожников Иван ИвановичМальчик-нищий с корзиной
-- Мама! Мама! Ах, как хорошо тут, мама! -- кричит ей мальчик, и опять целуется с детьми, и хочется ему рассказать им поскорее про тех куколок за стеклом. -- Кто вы, мальчики? Кто вы, девочки? -- спрашивает он, смеясь и любя их.
-- Это "Христова елка", -- отвечают они ему. -- У Христа всегда в этот день елка для маленьких деточек, у которых там нет своей елки... -- И узнал он, что мальчики эти и девочки все были всё такие же, как он, дети, но одни замерзли еще в своих корзинах, в которых их подкинули на лестницы к дверям петербургских чиновников, другие задохлись у чухонок, от воспитательного дома на прокормлении, третьи умерли у иссохшей груди своих матерей, во время самарского голода, четвертые задохлись в вагонах третьего класса от смраду, и все-то они теперь здесь, все они теперь как ангелы, все у Христа, и он сам посреди их, и простирает к ним руки, и благословляет их и их грешных матерей... А матери этих детей все стоят тут же, в сторонке, и плачут; каждая узнает своего мальчика или девочку, а они подлетают к ним и целуют их, утирают им слезы своими ручками и упрашивают их не плакать, потому что им здесь так хорошо...
А внизу наутро дворники нашли маленький трупик забежавшего и замерзшего за дровами мальчика; разыскали и его маму... Та умерла еще прежде его; оба свиделись у господа бога в небе.
И зачем же я сочинил такую историю, так не идущую в обыкновенный разумный дневник, да еще писателя? А еще обещал рассказы преимущественно о событиях действительных! Но вот в том-то и дело, мне все кажется и мерещится, что все это могло случиться действительно, -- то есть то, что происходило в подвале и за дровами, а там об елке у Христа -- уж и не знаю, как вам сказать, могло ли оно случиться, или нет? На то я и романист, чтоб выдумывать.
